Use NMAP to Discover Vulnerabilities, Launch DoS Attacks and More!

NMAP is an essential tool in any hacker's arsenal. Originally written by Gordon Lyon aka Fydor, it's used to locate hosts and services and create a map of the network. NMAP has always been an incredibly powerful tool, but with it's newest release, which dropped mid-November of last year, they've really out done themselves.
NMAP version 7 comes equipped with a ton of new scripts you can use to do everything from DoSing targets to exploiting them (with written permission, of course). The scripts cover the following categories

Auth: Use to test whether you can bypass authentication mechanism
Broadcast: Use to find other hosts on the network and automatically add them to scanning que.
Brute: Use for brute password guessing.

Discovery: Use to discover more about the network.
Dos: Use to test whether a target is vulnerable to DoS
Exploit: Use to actively exploit a vulnerability

Fuzzer: Use to test how server responds to unexpected or randomized fields in packets and determine other potential vulnerabilities
Intrusive: Use to perform more intense scans that pose a much higher risk of being detected by admins.
Malware: Use to test target for presence of malware

Safe: Use to perform general network security scan that's less likely to alarm remote administrators
Vuln: Use to find vulnerabilities on the target
For this tutorial, I will show you how to scan a target for vulnerabilities, actively try and exploit any vulnerabilities, test whether the target is vulnerable to DoS, and then finally launch a DoS attack.

Step 1Download NMAP

Download nmap from https://nmap.org/download.html and follow the installation instructions for your particular Operating System. NMAP works easily on both Windows and Linux. After installing you will have NMAP and ZENMAP on your computer.
ZENMAP and NMAP are the same thing except ZENMAP provides you with a graphical user interface. For the rest of this tutorial you can chose to either run NMAP from your command line, or launch ZENMAP and enter the commands in the GUI.

Step 2Run NMAP

Now that we've got NMAP installed, it's time to scan our target for vulnerabilities. As mentioned there is an entire category of scripts dedicated to finding vulnerabilities on a target. Invoking the following command will run all of the scripts against your target.

nmap -Pn --script vuln <target.com or ip> <enter>
*I always throw a -Pn in there just in case the target blocks ping probes, although it's optional.

Step 3Review Results

After your scan completes, review NMAPs output to determine what vulnerabilities were found. It will list it's findings along with applicable CVEs and links to any exploits that exist in Offensive Security's Exploit Database.

Use NMAP to Actively Exploit Detected Vulnerabilities

As mentioned, you can also use NMAP's exploit script category to have NMAP actively exploit detected vulnerabilities by issuing the following command:
nmap --script exploit -Pn <target.com or ip> <enter>

Use NMAP to Brute Force Passwords

Nmap contains scripts for brute forcing dozens of protocols, including http-brute, oracle-brute, snmp-brute, etc. Use the following command to perform brute force attacks to guess authentication credentials of a remote server.

nmap --script brute -Pn <target.com or ip> <enter>

Use NMAP to Test if Target Is Vulnerable to Dos

Use the following command to check whether the target is vulnerable to DoS:
nmap --script dos -Pn <target.com or ip> <enter>

This will tell you whether the target is vulnerable without actually launching a dos attack.

Use NMAP to Perform DOS Attack

Use the following command to perform an active DoS attack against a target for an indefinite period of time:
nmap --max-parallelism 750 -Pn --script http-slowloris --script-args http-slowloris.runforever=true

These are just a few very cool features NMAP has to offer. NMAP is very noob friendly so get yourself a copy.
On a side note, this week I was tasked with identifying vulnerabilities in a company's server as apart of the interview process Thanks to NMAP, I was able to identify, and then successfully verify, their server had the POODLE issue. This was something (shockingly) the company was not aware of. Nessus, Openvas, Acunetix, and BurpSuite did not identify the vulnerability and it did prove legit.